One contradictory study was published by Casasola et al.

Fiber morphology, mechanical properties, and the absence of any solvent residues of electrospun samples generated using benign solvents, demonstrate comparable results to those achieved with standard organic solvents commonly used for electrospinning, confirming the suitability of these electrospun scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. With benign solvents it is possible to realize electrospun PCL microfibers and nanofibers, in particular nanofibers readily formed when formic acid was added into the solvent system. a feasibility study, and a sporadic number of cell studies have been reported on these scaffolds, confirming the absence of any solvent residues and their general suitability for tissue engineering applications. Most of them are still at an early stage, i.e. In particular, there are studies about electrospinning of PCL using acetic acid and formic acid as solvents. Only a few studies have been published investigating the electrospinning of polyesters like PCL and PLLA using benign solvents. The use of benign solvents for electrospinning requires a more elaborate process of optimization to identify the best electrospinning parameters because of the sub-optimal properties for electrospinning that these solvents possess. Most of the papers focusing on the use of benign solvents deal with the electrospinning of collagen, because the benign solvents could preserve the collagen triple helical structure but their final application, at the moment, is more oriented towards soft tissue engineering applications. Furthermore, and in particular for tissue engineering applications, the possible residual amounts of toxic solvents in the electrospun scaffolds could compromise the cell response and scaffold biocompatibility. Starting from the definition of the concept of “Green Electrospinning” introduced by Greiner and co-workers, many researchers have focused their activities on electrospinning using benign solvents because they are less toxic with respect to the solvents commonly used for electrospinning, thus reducing the risk to lab workers’ safety, and limiting environmental impact. The use of benign solvents for electrospinning has been attracting the attention of many researchers for several reasons.

Boccaccini, in Nanofiber Composites for Biomedical Applications, 2017 12.4.1 Use of benign electrospinning solvents for nanofiber composites

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